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目的:健康相关危险行为是产生常见病、多发病的重要原因,其形成受社会、家庭等多种环境因素和自身因素影响。初中阶段是养成良好健康行为的关键时期,了解初中生健康危险行为现状,可为制定干预措施提供科学依据。方法:对西安市城区1608名初中生进行健康危险行为问卷调查,分析各种健康危险行为检出率的性别差别。结果:34.3%的初中生存在偏食行为,42.6%的初中生在过去30天内采取过减肥措施;62.2%的初中生最多有2天运动超过30分钟;65.3%的初中生骑自行车违规;9.6%的初中生目前吸烟。过去1个月有大量饮酒行为者占8.4%。因上网影响学习者占17.0%;参与过类似赌博的娱乐活动者占9.8%。多数健康危险行为检出率男生高于女生(P值均<0.05)。结论:西安市城区初中生健康危险行为发生率较高,男女生间存在差异,应针对男女生不同健康危险行为,采取有针对性的综合干预措施进行干预,以及早纠正健康危险行为,促进青少年健康发展。
Aims: Health-related risk behaviors are important causes of common diseases and frequently-occurring diseases. Their formation is influenced by many environmental factors such as society and family and their own factors. The junior middle school is a crucial period to develop good health behaviors. Understanding the status quo of health risk behaviors among junior high school students can provide a scientific basis for making interventions. Methods: 1608 junior high school students in Xi’an city were surveyed on the health risk behaviors, and the gender differences in the detection rate of various health risk behaviors were analyzed. Results: 34.3% of junior high school students had partial eclipse behavior, 42.6% of junior high school students had taken weight loss measures in the past 30 days, 62.2% of junior high school students had exercised for more than 2 days for more than 30 minutes, 65.3% of junior high school students bike violated, 9.6% Junior high school students currently smoke. Over the past month, a large number of drinking agents accounted for 8.4%. 17.0% of learners affected by Internet access; 9.8% of entertainment activists engaged in similar gambling activities. Most health risk behaviors were detected in boys than girls (P <0.05). Conclusion: There is a high incidence of health risk behaviors among junior high school students in urban area of Xi’an City. There are differences between male and female students, so we should take specific integrated interventions to intervene in different health risk behaviors of boys and girls, and to correct health risk behaviors as soon as possible to promote young people healthy growth.