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油菜菌核病(Sclerotinia Sclerotiorum)是当前油菜的重要病害之一。自苗期至成熟期均可发生,而主要发生在油菜终花期之后。茎、叶、花、荚各部部可受害,以茎部受害最重。茎部受害初出现淡褐色水渍状病斑,后变灰白色,病茎皮层霉烂,内部空心,表皮破裂,纤维外露,以致断裂枯死。该病随着我县油菜栽培面积的扩大,施肥水平的提高,正逐年加剧。据近几年调查,由该病引起的损失率轻者为3—5％,重者减少2—3成,个别田块甚至减产一半。对我县的油菜生产威胁很大。为了做好该病的防治工作,我站于1980—1981年进行两年的药剂防治试验,并对各级病害的损失率进行了考察,现将结果整理如下:
Sclerotinia Sclerotiorum is one of the most important diseases of rape. Since the seedling to maturity can occur, but mainly occurs after the end of flowering rapeseed. Stems, leaves, flowers, pods and other ministries may suffer, to stem the most affected. Stem damage early appeared light brown water stain-like lesions, after the gray, diseased stem cortex mildew, internal hollow, epidermal rupture, fiber exposed, resulting in broken dead. The disease with the expansion of rape cultivation area in our county, fertilizer levels increase, is increasing year by year. According to the survey in recent years, the loss rate caused by the disease is 3-5% lighter, 2-3% less severe, and even some individual plots cut in half. My county’s rapeseed production is a big threat. In order to do a good job in prevention and treatment of the disease, I conducted a two-year pharmaceutical control experiment in 1980-1981 and investigated the loss rates of diseases at all levels. The results are summarized as follows: