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目的了解福建省长汀县学龄前儿童的营养与健康状况,为提高儿童的健康水平提供科学依据。方法通过分层整群随机抽样方法,随机抽取长汀县城19 034名2~6岁学龄前儿童,对其体检结果进行分析,并问卷调查各种病因。结果福建省长汀县学龄前儿童中度以上营养不良的患病率为0.91%,其中低体重、生长迟缓、消瘦患病率分别为0.34%、0.21%、0.37%;肥胖患病率为7.40%。儿童肥胖的发生与父母肥胖、儿童饮食习惯、家庭高收入及儿童看电视时间、体育活动有关。儿童营养不良的影响因素有:疾病因素、注重儿童饮食搭配、独生子女、不良饮食习惯、接受营养讲座或义诊。结论福建省长汀县学龄前儿童营养状况较好,但仍面临着营养不良和肥胖的双重问题。
Objective To understand the nutritional and health status of preschool children in Changting County, Fujian Province, and to provide a scientific basis for improving children’s health. Methods By stratified cluster random sampling method, 19 034 preschool children aged 2 ~ 6 years old in Changting county were randomly selected, their physical examination results were analyzed, and various etiologies were investigated by questionnaire. Results The prevalence of malnutrition among preschool children in Changting County of Fujian Province was 0.91%. The prevalence rates of low weight, growth retardation and weight loss were 0.34%, 0.21% and 0.37% respectively. The prevalence of obesity was 7.40 %. The incidence of childhood obesity and fat parents, children’s eating habits, family income and children watching TV time, sports activities. Factors affecting children’s malnutrition include: disease factors, focusing on children with food, only children, poor eating habits, nutrition seminars or free clinic. Conclusions Preschool children in Changting County of Fujian Province have good nutrition status, but they still face the double problems of malnutrition and obesity.