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编在高中一册的《硕鼠》为三百篇中的刺诗名作,对于诗中“硕鼠”一词的解释,课本训“硕”为“大”,这样,“硕鼠”便成了一个偏正词组,可译为“大老鼠”。其实,这个解释是很值得怀疑的。《硕鼠》,《诗序》说:“刺重敛也。国人刺其君重敛蚕食于民,不修其政,贪而畏人,若大鼠也。”对《诗序》的这一解释,汉以来的经学家几无持异议者。清人陈奂硕甫在其所著《诗毛氏传疏》卷九中据《尔雅》及《易》郑注引诗,认为“硕”“鼫”古通用,“硕鼠”即“鼫鼠”。此说极是。但陈氏“笃守毛义”,不敢指出《诗序》的错误,采取了模棱两可的态度,这就给后世解释《硕鼠》带来了两种意见的分歧。今人说诗,大都赞同《诗序》,但也认为陈氏“鼫鼠”说是可取的。余冠英先生的《诗经选译》一九六二年出版增补本时,取陈氏说,更通俗地讲为“俗称土耗子或地老鼠”。可是该书一九七九年新版时,余先生却持折衷意见,认为“硕鼠解作肥大的鼠亦可”。是把“硕鼠”作为一个词组解为“大老
The “Shuoshu” compiled in a high school is a famous masterpiece in 300 articles. For the explanation of the word “Shuoshu” in the poem, textbooks teach “Shuo” as “big”. Thus, “Shuoshu” A partial correct phrase, can be translated as “big mouse.” In fact, this explanation is very questionable. “Shuoshu”, “Preface to the Poetry,” said: “Splinter convergence also. People prick their own king relies on eating in the people, not for the government, greedy, if the rat also.” One explains why there are few dissidents in the Han scholars. According to the poem “Er Shi” and “Yi Zheng” in his book Nine of the Book of Mao Shizuan, Qing Huai-Shuai Shu-Fu said that “Shuo” and “Yi” “. This is extremely. However, Chen's ”Benedict Shouyi“ did not dare to point out the mistakes of ”Preface to Poetry“ and took an ambiguous attitude, which gave rise to differences of opinion between the two. Today people say poetry, most agree with the ”Preface to Poetry,“ but also think Chen's ”rat“ is desirable. When Mr. Yu Guanying's ”Selected Works of the Book of Songs“ was published in 1962, Chen said that it is more commonly referred to as ”commonly known as a rat or a rat.“ However, when the new version of the book in 1979, Mr. Yu took the eclectic opinion that ”semen mouse solution for hypertrophy rats can be.“ Is ”squirrel“ as a phrase as ”elders