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目的观察贫铀(DU)对体外培养的人支气管上皮细胞超微结构的影响及二甲基亚砜(DMSO)的保护作用。方法DU作用人支气管上皮细胞(BEAS-2B)24 h后,用荧光染色法检测细胞存活率、坏死率和凋亡率,用透射电子显微镜(TEM)观察细胞超微结构改变。结果荧光显微分析表明,DU作用后,存活细胞数明显减少,凋亡和坏死细胞数显著增高,而DMSO对DU诱发的细胞凋亡和坏死有明显的保护作用。TEM显示,正常细胞和DMSO对照细胞整体形态、核质比例、各种细胞器及细胞骨架均结构清晰;DU处理的细胞,无论细胞内、外有无贫铀颗粒,均见细胞不同程度的凋亡或坏死,正常细胞结构改变或消失,特别是细胞内或外有DU颗粒的细胞,膜性细胞器改变明显,其他细胞器也观察到结构不清或空泡化;DMSO+DU组,即使细胞内外有贫铀分布,各种细胞器结构的改变也明显减轻,观察到有些线粒体、内质网等膜性结构发生膨胀,但细胞整体结构仍较清晰。结论DU可诱发细胞凋亡和坏死,并导致细胞超微结构改变,DMSO对DU所致细胞损伤有明显的保护效果。
Objective To observe the effect of depleted uranium (DU) on the ultrastructure of human bronchial epithelial cells cultured in vitro and the protective effect of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO). Methods After treated with DU for 24 h, the cell viability, necrosis rate and apoptosis rate were examined by fluorescent staining. The ultrastructural changes of cells were observed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Results Fluorescence microscopy analysis showed that after DU treatment, the number of viable cells was significantly decreased and the number of apoptotic and necrotic cells was significantly increased. However, DMSO had a significant protective effect on DU-induced apoptosis and necrosis. TEM showed that the normal morphology of cells and DMSO control cells, the proportion of nuclear, a variety of organelles and cytoskeleton are clear structure; DU treatment cells, both intracellular and non-depleted uranium particles were seen in cells with varying degrees of apoptosis or Necrosis, changes or disappearance of normal cell structure, especially in cells with or without DU particles, membranous organelles changed significantly, other organelles also observed unclear structure or vacuolization; DMSO + DU group, even if the cells have depleted uranium Distribution, changes in the structure of various organelles also significantly reduced, observed some mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum and other membranous structures swell, but the overall structure of the cell is still relatively clear. Conclusions DU can induce apoptosis and necrosis, and lead to ultrastructural changes in cells. DMSO has a significant protective effect on cell injury induced by DU.