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目的通过全面了解某企业乙烯装置的职业卫生现状,确定职业卫生管理工作的重点,为进一步减少作业现场职业病危害、加强职业卫生管理工作、减轻作业人员职业病危害接触提供科学依据。方法对该企业乙烯装置在目前运行状态下进行职业卫生学调查,详细了解作业流程、职业病危害因素分布、作业人员接触情况、职业病防护设施、个人防护用品使用、职业卫生管理等情况。对工人作业过程中接触的毒物、噪声进行检测,并结合职业健康检查结果进行职业卫生分析和评价。结果乙烯装置的作业场所职业病危害因素检测结果显示,苯、甲苯、二甲苯、溶剂汽油、硫化氢浓度较低,符合国家职业卫生标准;作业场所高噪声区域主要集中在压缩机、各生产单元大型机泵,噪声检测点37个,超过标准85 dB(A)的检测点达20个,老区分离压缩机岗位接触噪声较高,8 h连续等效A声级结果为88.0 dB(A)。结论该企业应将噪声作为职业病防治工作重点,并要注重改进作业现场职业卫生防护设施及加强个体防护用品佩戴管理,同时完善职业病危害因素检测、职业性健康检查、职业卫生评价和防护工作。
Objective To understand the occupational health status of ethylene plant in a certain enterprise and determine the key points of occupational health management so as to provide scientific basis for further reducing occupational hazards in work site, strengthening occupational health management and alleviating occupational hazards of workers. Methods Ethylene plant in this enterprise was investigated under occupational hygiene status at present, and the operation process, distribution of occupational hazards, occupational exposure, occupational disease protection facilities, personal protective equipment and occupational health management were thoroughly studied. Detecting the poison and noise that come into contact with workers in the course of work, and analyzing and evaluating occupational health according to the results of occupational health examination. Results The test results of occupational hazards in the workplace of ethylene plant showed that the concentrations of benzene, toluene, xylene, solvent gasoline and hydrogen sulphide were lower in line with the national occupational health standards. The high noise level in the workplace was mainly concentrated in compressors, There were 37 pumps and noise detection points, 20 more than the standard 85 dB (A) detection point, and the contact noise of the compressor station in the old area was high. The continuous A sound level of 8 h resulted in 88.0 dB (A). Conclusion This enterprise should regard noise as the key point of prevention and control of occupational diseases. At the same time, it should pay attention to improving occupational health protection facilities on the job site and strengthening the wearing management of personal protective equipment. At the same time, it should also improve the detection of occupational hazards, occupational health checks, occupational health evaluation and protection work.