论文部分内容阅读
胞壁酰二肽(Muramyl dipeptide,简称MDP,N-乙酰胞壁酰-L-Ala-D-isoGln)是低分子量的合成佐剂,为链球菌的肽多糖亚单位的类似物。它代表能保存结核菌在Freund佐剂中作用的最小结构,也是保存肽多糖致热反应的最小单位。静脉注射MDP于兔能引起发热反应,在血内并能找到内源性热原。如预先注射氮芥类,能抑制热原的产生但不抑制发热反应。消炎痛的作用则相反,它不论在体内或体外均不影响MDP诱使兔细胞产生热原,但抑制发热反应,同时却可增强MDP的免疫促进作用。这些结果指出,热原的产生并不是MDP刺激免疫作用的必要条件;也指出,即使没有内源性热原,MDP照样能诱生发热反应。MDP象Freund完全佐剂一样能诱发大鼠产生多发性关节炎和肉芽肿。MDP对关节炎的诱发作用受胸腺功能的控制,因为在无胸腺大鼠不产生这种诱发作用。干扰素诱导剂poly I:C,在不同给药方案时,可以抑制或促进关节炎的产生。但不论何种给药方案,干扰素诱导剂都能诱生高滴度的干扰素,对肉芽肿形成则都没有抑制作用。将MDP制备成水于油乳剂或与分支的长链脂肪酸给合,可刺激产生表皮样肉芽肿(Epitheloid granu-loma),其诱生作用较结核菌为强。MDP及其类似物诱发肉芽肿与立体化学结构有关,并与它们的佐剂作
Muramyl dipeptide (MDP, N-acetyl-muramyl-L-Ala-D-isoGln) is a low molecular weight synthetic adjuvant that is an analog of the peptidyl subunit of Streptococcus. It represents the smallest structure that preserves the role of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in Freund’s adjuvant and is the smallest unit that conserves the pyrogenic response of peptidoglycan. Intravenous injection of MDP in rabbits can cause fever, in the blood and can find endogenous pyrogen. Such as pre-injection of nitrogen mustards, can inhibit the generation of pyrogen but does not inhibit the fever reaction. The role of indomethacin on the contrary, it does not affect in vivo or in vitro MDP induced rabbit cells to produce pyrogen, but inhibition of fever response, but can enhance the immune promotion of MDP. These results indicate that the production of pyrogen is not a necessary condition for MDP to stimulate immunity; it is also pointed out that even without endogenous pyrogen, MDP still induces an exothermic reaction. MDP, like Freund’s complete adjuvant, induces polyarthritis and granulomatous in rats. The induction of MDP on arthritis is controlled by thymic function because this induction is not induced in athymic rats. Interferon inducer poly I: C, in different dosing regimens, can inhibit or promote the production of arthritis. However, irrespective of the dosing regimen, interferon inducers induced high titers of interferon and did not inhibit granuloma formation. Preparation of MDP in water or in combination with branched long-chain fatty acids stimulates the production of Epitheloid granu-loma, which is more potent than Mycobacterium tuberculosis. MDP and its analogues induce granulomas associated with the stereochemical structure and their adjuvants