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目的了解通州区中学生艾滋病防治知识、态度、技能以及学校预防艾滋病健康教育工作现状,探讨预防艾滋病健康教育的有效策略。方法 2009年5-10月对通州区5所城区中学和3所乡镇中学的高二和初二学生共3 944名中学生进行问卷调查。结果初中生知识、态度、技能和总分的合格率分别为23.7%3,4.8%,39.2%和27.7%,高中生分别为39.2%,41.9%,61.5%和45.9%。初中生各部分合格率均低于高中生。大众艾滋病基本知识知晓率情况为男生高于女生,高中生高于初中生,城区学生高于乡镇学生,差异有统计学意义(P值均<0.05)。中学预防艾滋病健康教育面临缺乏专人、专时、专业教材的问题。结论应加大学校预防艾滋病健康教育师资队伍建设的投资力度,平衡城乡差距,开展以生活技能为基础的预防艾滋病教育工作,提高中学生的自我保护意识。
Objective To understand the knowledge, attitudes and skills of HIV / AIDS prevention and control among middle school students in Tongzhou District and the status quo of AIDS prevention education in schools, and to explore effective strategies for preventing HIV / AIDS health education. Methods From May to October, 2009, a total of 3 944 middle school students from 5 secondary schools and 3 township secondary schools in Tongzhou District participated in the survey. Results The pass rate of junior high school students’ knowledge, attitude, skills and total scores were 23.7%, 3. 4. 8%, 39. 2% and 27. 7% respectively. High school students were 39.2%, 41.9%, 61.5% and 45.9% respectively. Junior high school students in all parts of the pass rate were lower than high school students. The awareness rate of basic HIV / AIDS knowledge was higher for boys than for girls, high school students were higher than junior high school students, and urban students were higher than rural students (P <0.05). AIDS prevention and health education in secondary schools faces a shortage of specialists, special hours, professional teaching materials. Conclusions We should increase investment in AIDS prevention health education teachers in schools, balance the gap between urban and rural areas, carry out AIDS prevention education based on life skills, and raise the awareness of self-protection among secondary school students.