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肺水肿是肺血管外液异常增加,液体由间质进入肺泡,直至呼吸道出现泡沫状分泌物。近来认为细胞内液也可增加。异常肺水不但存在部位和量发生改变,生理功能也发生改变。麻醉中肺水肿并不罕见。Kahn于1979年综合报道25年17859次手术,于术后24小时内死亡的173例中,肺水肿和呼吸道梗阻的发生率相同,均占5%。有关解剖和病理生理肺微血管系蛋白和水交换的部位主要在毛细血管,但小动、静脉也参与。肺毛细
Pulmonary edema is an abnormal increase in pulmonary extravascular fluid, liquid from the interstitial into the alveoli, until the respiratory tract foamy secretions. Recently, intracellular fluid can also be increased. Abnormal lung water not only exists in the site and the quantity changes, physiological functions also changed. Pulmonary edema is not uncommon in anesthesia. In 1979, Kahn reported 17859 surgeries in 25 years. Among the 173 patients who died within 24 hours after surgery, the incidence of pulmonary edema and airway obstruction were the same, accounting for 5%. The relevant anatomy and pathophysiology of pulmonary microvascular protein and water exchange sites mainly in the capillaries, but also small movements, veins are also involved. Pulmonary capillary