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目的分析扬州市2013-2015年麻疹病例的流行病学特征,探讨麻疹防控的措施,为进一步消除麻疹提供科学依据。方法通过国家传染病报告信息管理系统和麻疹监测信息报告管理系统收集2013-2015年扬州市麻疹疫情数据,采用描述流行病学方法进行流行病学分析。结果扬州市2013-2015年共报告麻疹病例397例,年平均报告发病率为2.92/10万。发病季节主要以3-6月份为高峰,占所有报告病例数的83.63%。病例在全市7个县(市、区)均有报告。农民(30.23%)、散居儿童(28.21%)和家政、家务及待业(11.84%)为麻疹发病高发人群。发病年龄呈现<8月龄婴儿和≥15岁以上为主的特征。麻疹病例含麻类疫苗接种以无免疫史和免疫史不详为主。结论为实现消除麻疹的目标,需要切实落实既定的措施和策略。包括做好两剂次含麻类疫苗的及时接种工作,做好麻疹病例的调查和处置,探讨<8月龄、≥15岁以上成人和重点人群的有效的免疫策略。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of measles cases in Yangzhou City from 2013 to 2015, and to explore the measures of measles prevention and control so as to provide a scientific basis for further measles elimination. Methods The epidemic data of measles in Yangzhou from 2013 to 2015 were collected through the national infectious disease reporting information management system and the measles monitoring information reporting management system. Epidemiological methods were used for epidemiological analysis. Results A total of 397 cases of measles were reported in Yangzhou from 2013 to 2015, with an average annual incidence of 2.92 per 100 000. The onset season peaked from March to June, accounting for 83.63% of all reported cases. Cases in the city’s seven counties (cities, districts) have reported. Farmers (30.23%), scattered children (28.21%) and domestic workers, housework and unemployed (11.84%) were those with high incidence of measles. Age of onset showed <8 months old infants and ≥ 15 years old based features. Measles cases containing cannabinoids Vaccination with no history of immunization and immune history is unknown. Conclusion To achieve the goal of eliminating measles, we need to effectively implement the established measures and strategies. Including doing two doses of timely vaccination of the vaccine containing measles, measles cases do a good job of investigation and disposal, to explore the <8 months of age, ≥ 15 years old adults and key populations of effective immunization strategies.