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山西天马—曲村晋侯墓地的晋侯苏编钟问世以后 ,铭文的历法问题引起中国及海外学术界的兴趣。本文提出两种新的观点 :( 1)铭文所载“三十三年”年代必指宣王在位年 ,即公元前 795年 ,可是所载四个月份、月象和干支具备的历法记载却与此年不合 ,而合乎次年公元前 794年。本文提出两个解释以说明这一点。 ( 2 )“晋侯苏”即晋献侯无疑 ,可是《史记·晋世家》以其在位年为公元前 82 2—公元前 812年 ,与公元前 795或公元前 794年不合。因为在《史记》所载晋侯的世系里 ,献侯的儿子为穆侯、穆侯的孙子为昭侯 ,与周礼昭穆制度相矛盾 ,所以本文推测献侯和穆侯的世系被颠倒 ,献侯实际在位年是宣王三十三年到四十三年 (公元前 795—公元前 785年 )。如此不仅与晋侯苏编钟铭文所载历法记载全合 ,并且也可以说明一系列中国古代年代上的问题。
After the advent of the Jinhou Su series of the Jinma cemetery in the Shanxi Pegasus and the Jincheng cemetery, the issue of the calendar’s inscription has aroused the interest of both Chinese and overseas academics. This article proposes two new points of view: (1) The inscription contains “thirty-three years” era will refer to reign of King Xuan, that is, in 795 BC, but contained four months, Inconsistent with this year, and in the following year 794 BC. This article presents two explanations to illustrate this point. (2) “Jin Hou Su” Jin Xianhou no doubt, but “Historical Records Jin Family” with its reign as 82 BC 2-8 BC, and 795 BC or 794 BC. Because in the “Historical Records” contains Jin Hou’s lineage, the sacrificial offering son is Mu Hou, Mu Hou’s grandson is Zhao Hou, and the Zhou Li Zhao Mu system is contradictory, so this article speculates Xian Hou and Mu Hou’s line is reversed, offer The actual year of reign was King Xuanwang thirty-three years to forty-three years (795 BC-785 BC). So not only with Jin Hou Su made by the inscription contained in the calendar full integration, and also can explain a series of ancient Chinese problems.