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利用34个籼粳特异插入缺失(insertion/deletion,InDel)分子标记和24个SSR分子标记对云南113个陆稻品种的籼粳分化与遗传变异进行分析.InDel分子标记鉴定结果表明,云南陆稻以粳稻(粳型、偏粳型)品种为主,占总品种的83.2%.聚类结果显示,云南陆稻品种明显聚为4大类群(籼型、偏籼型、粳型、偏粳型),支持InDel分子标记鉴定结果.重新将云南陆稻品种的种植区域划分为2个:(1)海拔1250m以下为籼粳稻混合种植区;(2)海拔1250m以上为粳稻种植区.SSR遗传多样性分析结果表明,云南陆稻籼粳亚种间遗传多样性均很丰富,籼稻品种的遗传多样性高于粳稻品种且差异显著.分子方差分析显示,云南陆稻遗传变异主要来自亚种内(占总变异81%),亚种间遗传变异占19%.不同地区间陆稻种质资源遗传多样性比较分析表明,滇西南与滇南地区存在丰富的遗传变异,是云南陆稻品种遗传多样性的分布中心.半山云雾多湿区作为云南陆稻品种的传统种植区域,保留大量的遗传变异与稻种资源,是开展陆稻种质资源保护、利用的核心区域.
34 indica and japonica specific InDel molecular markers and 24 SSR molecular markers were used to analyze the indica-japonica differentiation and genetic variation of 113 Upland rice varieties in Yunnan Province.The results of InDel molecular marker showed that Upland paddy Japonica (japonica-japonica-japonica) varieties accounted for 83.2% of the total cultivars.The clustering results showed that Yunnan Upland rice varieties were obviously clustered into four groups (indica, indica, japonica, japonica-japonica ), Which supported InDel molecular marker identification results.We redivided the planting areas of Yunnan Upland Rice cultivars into two groups: (1) below 1250 m altitude for indica-japonica hybrid planting area; (2) above 1250 m above sea level for japonica rice planting areas with SSR genetic diversity The results of sex analysis indicated that the genetic diversity among indica japonica subspecies was rich in indica rice, and the genetic diversity among indica varieties was higher than that in japonica rice.Analysis of molecular variance showed that the genetic variation of upland rice in Yunnan mainly came from within subspecies Accounting for 81% of the total), and genetic variation among subspecies accounted for 19%. Comparative analysis of genetic diversity of Upland rice germplasm resources in different regions showed that there were abundant genetic variation in southwest Yunnan and southern Yunnan, Sexual distribution center. As a traditional planting area for Yunnan Upland Rice Variety, Mid-Dangyun humid area retains a large amount of genetic variation and rice germplasm resources and is the core area for the protection and utilization of Upland Germplasm Resources.