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由于中国台湾地区社会的老化速度日益快速,家庭的照顾负担也日益增加。随着即将进入高龄社会及超高龄社会,衍生出相当多的社会议题,包含高龄家庭的生活质量、照顾人力负荷与需求等。对于家中有失智症患者的失智症家庭而言,有许多的需求需要被满足。台湾现在对于失智症家庭的社区照顾上,有一种名为“失智症日间照顾”的服务,可以对于失智症家庭有更多的支持与协助。然而,在失智症家庭照顾需求与失智症日间照顾服务的需求与供给上,是否能满足需求,其服务输送与需求之内涵是什么,值得进一步地探究。本研究采用文献分析法与深度访谈法,以台湾某失智症日间照顾中心为例,访谈使用失智症日间照顾服务的3位失智症家庭照顾者,探讨有关服务暨照顾需求,以及失智症患者所接受到的服务成效;同时,本研究访谈3位失智症日间照顾服务的实务工作者,以了解对于失智症家庭日间照顾服务供给上的内容与需求满足情况。本研究发现,在失智症家庭照顾与支持之需求面向上,失智症老人对于日间照顾的需求有协助正常作息、发掘老人兴趣、推迟退化等;至于照顾者需求则以照顾之喘息为主。再者,在失智症日间照顾服务之供给面向上,可以满足的需求有失智症老人之同侪互动与陪伴、休闲活动之参与、睡眠质量之改善等,以及家庭照顾者压力之喘息与纾解;相对来说,无法满足之需求,有失智症老人之选择性较低、个别化不足、部分自理能力丧失等。最后,本研究针对失智症日间照顾服务的限制,提出两点建议,以利于失智老人的福祉。
Due to the aging of society in Taiwan, China, the burden of caring for the family is also on the rise. With the forthcoming access to the elderly and the ultra-aged society, a considerable number of social issues have arisen, including the quality of life of the elderly and caring for manpower load and demand. For families with dementia who have dementia at home, there are many needs that need to be met. Taiwan now has a community care service for dementia families with a service called Day Care for Dementia that can provide more support and assistance to dementia families. However, whether the demand and supply of dementia family care needs and dementia day care service can meet the demand and what the connotation of service delivery and demand is worth to be explored further. This study uses literature analysis and in-depth interviews with a dementia day care center in Taiwan as an example to interview three dementia family caregivers using dementia day care service to discuss the service and care needs, At the same time, we interviewed 3 practitioners of day care service of dementia to understand the content and needs of the day care service provision of dementia families . This study found that the demand for dementia family care and support is facing upward. The dementia elderly help to work and rest for the needs of day care, exploring the interest of the elderly and delaying the degeneration. The caregivers’ the Lord. Furthermore, the demand for dementia day care service is upward-facing and meet the demand of peer interaction and companionship of dementia elderly, participation in leisure activities, improvement of sleep quality and the respite of pressure from family caregivers To alleviate, relatively speaking, the unmet needs, the dementia elderly have lower selectivity, individualization and partial self-care ability are lost. Finally, the present study addresses the limitations of dementia day care services by proposing two recommendations to benefit the well-being of the elderly with dementia.