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自动化加工的不断发展,要求在切削过程中有一个刀具自动监测系统,以便使切削加工不依赖操作者而自动进行。这个系统应能及时探测到刀具的损坏,并能迅速给控制机构发出信号,以避免损坏机床与工件。类似的用于监视刀具耐用度的系统,应能探测出刀具是否磨损到预先给定的极限值,从而最大限度地减少换刀次数,防止刀具过度磨损带来的诸如尺寸超差、光洁度变差、刀具易损坏等一系列问题.文章讨论了一项利用进给力和径向分力信号监测刀具破损和磨损的研究成果。全文分三期刊载,第—部分主要介绍了刀具耐用度极限的监测,讨论了监测决策、测点选择以及以微机为基础监测设备的结构和功能;第二部分介绍了刀具破损的快速识别;第三部分讨论了压电传感器的结构、功能及安装.全文图16幅。
The continuous development of automated machining requires that an automatic tool inspection system be used during the cutting process so that the cutting process does not depend on the operator and automatically. The system should detect tool damage in time and signal the control unit quickly to avoid damaging the machine and the workpiece. A similar system for monitoring tool durability should detect if the tool wears to a predetermined limit, minimizing the number of tool changes and preventing tool overstresses such as oversize and poor finish , A series of problems such as the easy to damage of the tool, etc .. The article discussed a research achievement that uses the feed force and the radial component force signal to monitor the tool breakage and the wear. The first part mainly introduces the monitoring of tool life limit, discusses the monitoring decision-making, the choice of measuring point and the structure and function of monitoring equipment based on microcomputer. The second part introduces the rapid identification of tool breakage. The third part discusses the structure, function and installation of the piezoelectric sensor.