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采用末端限制性多态性分析(T-RFLP)和克隆文库构建相结合的研究方法,对以秸秆为唯一或主要原料的四个沼气发酵反应器中的细菌和古菌群落特征进行分析,结果表明:(1)供试秸秆沼气反应器中细菌种类十分丰富,分属于9个门,其中厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)、变形菌门(Proteobacteria)与拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes)为优势种群,在四个沼气反应器中的相对丰度分别为19.3%～47.2%、4.8%～24.3%与2.5%～15.5%。水解与发酵性细菌为各反应器中的优势种群;(2)古菌种类明显少于细菌,均属于甲烷杆菌纲(Methanobacteria)和甲烷微菌纲(Methanomicrobia)。在以秸秆为唯一原料的反应器中,甲烷鬃菌属(Methanosaeta)为优势种群,相对丰度为69.2%～71.9%;而在添加猪粪的反应器中,甲烷八叠球菌属(Methanosarcina)为优势种群,相对丰度为73.1%。
The characteristics of bacterial and archaeal communities in four biogas fermentation reactors with straw as the sole or main raw material were analyzed by using a combination of T-RFLP and cloning library. Results The results showed that: (1) There were nine kinds of bacteria in the biogas reactor for straw biofilm, belonging to nine species, of which Firmicutes, Proteobacteria and Bacteroidetes were the dominant species. The relative abundances of the four biogas reactors were 19.3% -47.2%, 4.8% -24.3% and 2.5% -15.5%, respectively. Hydrolytic and fermentative bacteria were the dominant species in each reactor. (2) Archaea species were significantly less than bacteria, belonging to Methanobacteria and Methanomicrobia. In the reactor with straw as the sole raw material, Methanosaeta was the dominant species with the relative abundance of 69.2% -71.9%. In the reactor with pig manure, Methanosarcina, As dominant species, the relative abundance was 73.1%.