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城镇空间的盲目扩张、土地城镇化快于人口城镇化、不完全城镇化、高成本的城镇化,是我国传统城镇化的基本特征。这种城镇化模式缺乏可持续性。传统城镇化模式的成因,是源于现行的财政分权体制。中央与地方财政分权制,一方面调动了地方政府通过加快城镇化拉动经济高速增长的积极性,另一方面驱使地方政府把城镇化的中心放在土地城镇化上,通过土地出让收入这一预算外收入,弥补地方政府财权与事权不匹配所造成的财政支出压力。要使地方政府把城镇化的重心放在人口城镇化上,就必须改革现行的中央与地方的财政分权体制,把财权适当下移,逐步填补地方政府所承担的公共服务支出缺口。
The blind expansion of urban space, land urbanization faster than population urbanization, incomplete urbanization, high-cost urbanization is the basic characteristics of China’s traditional urbanization. This model of urbanization lacks sustainability. The causes of the traditional urbanization pattern originate from the current fiscal decentralization system. On the one hand, central and local fiscal decentralization mobilized the enthusiasm of local governments to stimulate rapid economic growth through accelerating urbanization; on the other hand, they urged local governments to center urbanization on land urbanization and pass the budget of land transfer income External income, to make up for the local government property rights and powers do not match the pressure caused by financial expenditure. If local governments should focus their urbanization on population urbanization, they must reform the current system of fiscal decentralization at central and local levels, appropriately lower fiscal power and gradually fill the gap in public service expenditures borne by local governments.