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目的研究住院老年病人口腔假丝酵母菌的携带分布情况及抗生素用药对其携带的影响。方法将来源于医院住院病人的口腔拭子先保存在含有氯霉素的YEPD(Yeast extract peptone dextrose)液体培养基中,然后划线接种于YEPD平板上37℃培养,通过观察菌落形态、涂片乳酸酚棉蓝染色、科玛嘉显色培养基培养,芽管形成试验、厚膜孢子及假菌丝生成试验等对菌种进行鉴定。结果共采集住院老年病人口腔拭子标本403例,假丝酵母菌总分离率为62.78%(253/403),其中白假丝酵母菌150株,占59.29%,光滑假丝酵母菌72株,占28.46%,热带假丝酵母菌5株,占1.98%,其他假丝酵母菌26株,占10.27%。不同性别患者的假丝酵母菌分离率差异无统计学意义,P>0.05,应用抗生素与未应用抗生素患者的假丝酵母菌的分离率差异具有统计学意义,P<0.05。结论住院老年病人口腔中假丝酵母菌出现明显高的分离率,且以白假丝酵母菌为最多,其次是光滑假丝酵母菌。
Objective To study the distribution of Candida albicans in hospitalized elderly patients and the effect of antibiotics on its carriage. Methods The oral swabs from hospital inpatients were stored in liquid medium YEPD (Yeast extract peptone dextrose) containing chloramphenicol and then streaked on YEPD plates at 37 ℃ for culture. The colony morphology and smear Lactobacillus plantarum blue staining, Kema Jia chromogenic medium culture, shoot tube formation test, thick membrane spores and pseudohyphae generation test on the strain identification. Results A total of 403 oral swab samples were collected from hospitalized elderly patients. The total Candida separata was 62.78% (253/403), of which Candida albicans was 150 (59.29%), Candida glabrata (72) Accounting for 28.46%, 5 strains of Candida tropicalis, accounting for 1.98%, 26 strains of other Candida, accounting for 10.27%. There was no significant difference in the separation rate of Candida between different sexes, P> 0.05. There was significant difference in the separation rate of Candida between antibiotics and non-antibiotics patients (P <0.05). Conclusion Candida albicans in hospitalized elderly patients showed obviously high isolation rate, and Candida albicans was the most frequently followed by Candida glabrata.