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人不能够脱离水而生活,但是使用后的水(污水)对人们也有危害的一面。为了改善人民生活,改进环境卫生和预防传染病,给水及排水工程就显得十分重要。绝大部分工业企业的生产过程,是离不开水的。可以说,没有水就没有电,没有电就没有工业。一个10万千瓦的火力发电厂,每天需要补充40,000吨水,并且其中某些用水(如锅炉用水、轴承冷却用水)对水的质量要求很高。一个年产量150万吨的钢铁联合企业,每天就需要200,000吨水,需要几百公里长的管道。还要保证这些水不得有一秒钟的间断。例如华北一个小型钢厂,1954年因为运转时弄错了一个自来水闸门,水停了29分钟,因此就损失了35亿元(旧人民币)。对很多工业企业来说,停水就意味着停止生产,有时候还会严重地损害生产设
People cannot live without water, but the use of water (sewage) also has a detrimental effect on people. In order to improve people’s lives, improve sanitation and prevent infectious diseases, water supply and drainage works are very important. The production process of most industrial enterprises is inseparable from water. It can be said that there is no electricity without water, and no industry without electricity. A 100,000-kilowatt thermal power plant needs 40,000 tons of water per day, and some of the water (such as boiler water and bearing cooling water) require high quality water. An iron and steel conglomerate with an annual output of 1.5 million tons needs 200,000 tons of water a day, requiring hundreds of kilometers of pipelines. Also make sure that the water does not have a one second break. For example, in a small steel plant in North China, in 1954, because of a mistake in running a tap gate, the water stopped for 29 minutes, so it lost 3.5 billion yuan (the old renminbi). For many industrial enterprises, stopping water means stopping production and sometimes seriously damaging production facilities.