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成就大学问,著书立说,或者著书立学,除了观念(Idea)、方法(methhod、模式(model),很重要的还要有自己的语汇,而且须构成系统,即语汇系统(System of vocabulary)。具备这么四个元素,方才称得上是一门学问,一名学问家。四个元素之前三者,我已在《文学研究中的观念、方法与模式问题》(文载北京《国学学刊》二○一一年第三期)的讲演中专门进行阐述,今番所说,著重于语汇系统。开讲之前,我想说说两首诗。第一首,四言四句,是我在讲演之前临时给拼凑出来的。其曰:外乡和尚,他山之石。示我周行,灯寒纱碧。第二首,七言四句,是一首唐诗,作者王播。其曰:上堂已了各西东,惭愧阇黎饭后钟。二十年来尘扑面,如今始得碧纱笼。两首诗所说,各有不同的内容,不同的申诉目标,但都是有关和尚的事情。前一首说,一般人怎么看待和尚;后一首说,和尚怎么看待一般人。一般人看待和尚,有远近之别;和尚看待一般人,有贵贱之分。展示这两首诗,就我的想法看,主要在于揭示这么一种现象:贵远而贱近。比如,一般人认定:‘外乡和尚会念经,外来道士会捉鬼。’远处来的才较宝贵,近的就不值钱。对待和尚如此,对待攻玉之石亦然。大多觉得,另外一座山的石头,才能够攻玉,自己所在的这座山就不行。这是世俗社会的看法。至于和尚,同
Achieving a university question, writing a book, or writing a book is not only important but also has its own vocabulary, in addition to Idea, method, and system. The System of all four elements, I have been in the “Issues, Approaches and Models in Literary Studies” (Article in Beijing “National Science Journal” 2011 third period) speeches devoted to elaboration, this time said, focusing on the vocabulary system .Over the opening, I would like to talk about two poems .First, four words and four sentences , Is a temporary patchwork to me before the speech.It said: a foreign monk, the stone of his mountain .Show me week, light cold blue .Second, seven words, is a poem, the author Wang broadcast It reads: After all the members of the West have been enrolled in the hall, they are ashamed of their posthumous words. After two decades of dusting, they have now begun to win a bibcock. The two poems said that they both have different contents and different appeals but are all The monk said: The first one said that most people think of the monk; the latter one said that the monk thinks about the average person. Monk, there is a distance between the farewell; monk view of the average person, there are noble and cheap points.To show these two poems, in my opinion, mainly to reveal such a phenomenon: Guiyuan and cheap.For example, most people think: Will read the scriptures, foreign priests will catch the ghost. ’The more precious from afar, the near is not worth it. Treating the monks so treat the jade stone is also true. Most think that another mountain stone, can Gong Yu, their own This mountain will not work.This is a secular community’s view .As for the monk, with