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研究结果表明,在故河道细质沙土上实施冬灌,可以保持小麦越冬期间及早春土壤中适宜的水分,不但能增根、增蘖、提高穗数和产量,且使小麦吸收的总 N 量,土壤 N 量和土壤“A”值比不冬灌的对照有明显提高。但是由于细质沙土保水保肥能力差,冬灌使底肥标记 N 淋溶量增加,利用率降低,损失率增高。所以在细质沙土上实施小麦冬灌,必须采用小水灌溉,最好实行喷灌或微灌,防止大水漫灌。
The results showed that winter irrigation on the fine sand of the river could keep the suitable moisture in the soil during the winter and early spring, which could not only increase root, increase tiller, increase the number of panicle and yield, but also make the total N absorption, Soil N content and soil “A” values were significantly increased compared with non-winter irrigation control. However, due to the poor ability of water retention and fertilization in fine sandy soil, the amount of N-leaching of base fertilizer increased with winter irrigation, the utilization rate decreased and the loss rate increased. Therefore, the implementation of winter wheat in thin sandy soil irrigation, irrigation must be small, the best implementation of sprinkler irrigation or micro-irrigation, to prevent flood irrigation.