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以往对于《国语》一书,常是作为研究先秦史的重要史料加以征引,已有的论述也大多关注其成书年代,这对于这部著名典籍是很不相称的。《国语》的重大价值在于,它大大推进了《尚书》开启的“记言”传统,充分展示出“语”所具有的珍贵历史智慧和丰富内涵,因而在历史编纂学史上独放异彩。《国语解》的作者韦昭曾概括《国语》的主要内容是记载“邦国成败,嘉言善语”。宋儒戴仔则评价云:“此编之中,一话一言皆文、武之道也。”可惜前人仅止点到而已。我们今天则应当深入发掘和充分阐释书中大量记载的贤士大夫总结历史经验教训、具有思想教育意义和鉴戒意义的言论,其所涵盖的内容实达于历史、社会、思想观念等诸多方面,堪称异彩纷呈。从而真正认识《国语》一书的特色,并重新评价《国语》在中国史学发展史上的重要地位。
In the past, the book “Mandarin” was often cited as an important historical material for the study of pre-Qin history. Most existing expositions were mostly concerned with their age, which was disproportionate to this famous book. The significant value of “Mandarin” lies in that it greatly promoted the tradition of “writing” which was started by Shang Shu and fully demonstrated the precious historical wisdom and rich connotation of “language”. Therefore, it was unique in the history of history Splendid. The author of “National Language Solutions” Wei Zhao once summed up the main content of “Mandarin” is to record “the success or failure of the state, Jia Yan language.” Song Ru Dai Dai evaluation of the cloud: “This series, the words and expressions are all text, Wu Road also. ” Unfortunately, the previous only to the point only. Today, we should thoroughly explore and fully explain the abundant medical records in the book, summed up the historical experience and lessons learned by doctors, ideological and educational significance and the significance of warning, which covers the content of the history, society, ideas and many other aspects of the Said colorful. In this way, we can truly recognize the features of “Mandarin” and reappraise the importance of “Mandarin” in the history of Chinese historiography.