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意大利在亚得里亚海有许多日益枯竭的气田,正利用100个浅海平台进行开采。近几年,通常的做法是重新进入此气田开发现有地质构造周围更小的气藏。亚得里亚海的作业区很大,每年动员4～5部钻机,平均完并40口,100多次砂控作业。除了墨西哥湾和西非外,亚得里亚海是世界上最大的砂控区之一。完井设计是复杂的,大多数采用套管完井且是双层完井。作业者在单井里完并4～10层。亚得里亚海的气开采以树脂干涂层体系为特征,用于支撑剂有两个目的:①有助于阻止细砂运移和孔隙空间堵塞;②防止产砂。这些涂层的成功应用以及结合砾石充填修井和新的完井方式增加了气藏储量。虽然两种类型的树脂干涂层体系在砂控完井中并未获得成功,但表现出了对亚得里亚海完井设计改进的影响潜力,提高了从含有过多细砂的层段开采油藏储量的可能性。因为细砂困扰,有很多大的气藏还未得到完全开发。表面改性剂(SMA)技术提供了解决方案。最初,进行了5口井的测试,结果表明:在此气田的一个产细砂层里,经SMA处理的井是唯一不产细砂的井。Eni现在计划利用修井机重新进入亚得里亚海气田,应用SMA技术来防止早期的开采失败。使用液体树脂体系(LRS)来修复损坏的筛管,不需要内层筛管就可达到不出砂的目的。LRS技术的成功应用揭示了无筛管完井或许成为一种主要的完井方法,甚至在枯竭、松软、受污的砂层。
There are many depleted gas fields in the Adriatic Sea in Italy, which are being exploited with 100 shallow ocean platforms. In recent years, it has been common practice to re-enter this field to develop smaller gas reservoirs surrounding existing geological formations. The Adriatic Sea has a large operating area, mobilizing 4 to 5 drill rigs per year, with an average of 40 and 100 sand control operations per year. Apart from the Gulf of Mexico and West Africa, the Adriatic Sea is one of the largest sand control zones in the world. Completion design is complex, most of them using casing completion and double completion. Operators in the single well and finished 4 to 10 layers. Adriatic gas mining is characterized by a dry resin coating system. The proppants used for proppants have two purposes: (1) they help to prevent the migration of fine sand and the blockage of pore space; (2) prevent sand production. The successful application of these coatings and the combination of gravel-filling workover and new completion methods have increased gas reservoir reserves. Although both types of resin dry coating systems have not been successful in sand control completions, they have shown potential to improve the design of completion in the Adriatic Sea and increase the potential for recovery from well layers containing too much sand Possibility of reservoir reserves. Because of the fine sand, many large gas reservoirs have not yet been fully developed. Surface Modifier (SMA) technology provides a solution. Initially, five wells were tested and the results showed that the SMA-treated well was the only one that produced no fine sand in a fine-grained layer of this gas field. Eni now plans to re-enter the Adriatic gas field using workover rigs and apply SMA technology to prevent early mining failures. Using a liquid resin system (LRS) to repair a damaged screen does not require an inner screen to achieve a sand-free purpose. The successful application of LRS technology reveals that screenless well completions may become a major completion method, even in depleted, fluffy, stubborn sands.