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莱布尼茨将认知看作是心灵特有的活动,心灵的认知是一个连续的过程。心灵的认知首先需要感觉作为一种“机缘”促发认知的开始。在感觉和内在注意的共同作用下,微知觉不断地影像化,同时天赋观念不断地以潜在转化为现实,微知觉便实现了对认知的建构。进而心灵通过反省和推理将天赋观念从自身中“抽引”出来,最后通过统觉对认知的整合才使整个认知过程得以完成。莱布尼茨虽然承认感觉作为认知机缘的必要性,但他也认为感觉是有限的,认知的缘起需要感觉和注意作为双重来源,并且整个认知活动都是心灵自身的内在活动。这体现了他作为理性主义者尝试对经验论和唯理论的调和,他的认知思想也充分体现了他为调和二者所作的努力。
Leibniz perceives cognition as a mind-specific activity, and spiritual cognition is a continuous process. Psychological cognition first needs to feel as a “opportunity ” to promote the beginning of cognition. With the combined effect of sensation and internal attention, micro-awareness continues to be visualized, meanwhile, the concept of innate talent continually transforms into reality, and micro-perceptualization realizes the construction of cognition. And then the mind through the reflection and reasoning of natural ideas from their own “pulls ” out, and finally through the integration of sensory perception to make the entire cognitive process be completed. Leibniz, while acknowledging the need for perception as a cognitive opportunity, also believes that feeling is limited. Cognitive origins require feeling and attention as dual sources, and the entire cognitive activity is inherent in the mind’s own activity. This reflects his attempt to rationalize empiricism and rationalism as a rationalist. His cognitive thinking fully embodies his efforts to reconcile the two.