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现在有一种普遍的看法,认为苏联型经济体制对变革表现出极大的抵制:已经尝试过的改革多数都已被拒斥,而且当这些改革进行的时候,并没有导致整个经济效率的根本性提高。对这些失败的原因作出的一种理论化解释是认为改革没有达到必需的“一定规模”,没有跨过必要的“门槛”。这种看法所包含的思想是,人们不能指望通过一些连续不断的局部变革的累积而摆脱苏联型体制。因为当人们设计下一步的这类变革措施时,前面已采取的措施或
There is now a prevailing view that the Soviet-type economy has shown a great resistance to change: most of the reforms that have been tried have been rejected and, at the time of the reforms, have not led to a fundamental economic efficiency as a whole improve. A theoretical explanation of the reasons for these failures is that the reform did not reach the necessary “certain scale” and did not cross the necessary “threshold.” The idea contained in this view is that one can not expect to get rid of the Soviet system through the accumulation of some continuous local changes. Because when people design the next step of such change measures, the measures taken earlier or