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土壤碳汇是削减碳排放、缓解全球气候变暖的最具经济效益的手段之一,但土壤碳汇依赖于广大农民对土地利用及管理方式的选择,并且这些选择是伴随着成本的。因此,要想调动广大农民的积极性来参与增加土壤碳汇,必须要对使其转变习惯性土地利用及管理方式带来的损失进行补偿,但通过对土壤碳汇补偿的法律基础、补偿标准以及泄漏与风险等方面的研究却显示,土壤碳汇补偿面临多重困境与不确定性,这使得土壤碳汇补偿陷入瓶颈。对此,建议完善土壤碳汇补偿法律法规、建立土壤碳库数据信息系统、建立碳基金和完善国内碳交易市场来化解土壤碳汇补偿困境。
Soil carbon sequestration is one of the most cost-effective ways to reduce carbon emissions and mitigate global warming. However, soil carbon sequestration depends on the farmers’ choices of land use and management methods, and these choices are accompanied by costs. Therefore, in order to mobilize the enthusiasm of farmers to participate in increasing soil carbon sinks, we must compensate them for the loss of habitual land use and management. However, through the legal basis for compensation of soil carbon sinks, the compensation standards and However, researches on leakage and risk have shown that the compensation of soil carbon sinks faces multiple difficulties and uncertainties, which makes the compensation of soil carbon sinks into a bottleneck. In this regard, it is suggested to improve laws and regulations on soil carbon sink compensation, establish a soil carbon pool data information system, set up a carbon fund and improve the domestic carbon trading market so as to resolve the plight of soil carbon sink compensation.