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人参(Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer)为名贵药材,我国在世界上是重要的主产国和输出国之一。近年来,无论人工栽培、采收加工、组织培养,还是商品人参和人参制剂进出口检验等,都要求对人参主要有效成分——人参皂甙的含量及单体皂甙的分析提出其客观指标,人参皂甙的分析自60年代末期开始,国内外已陆续发表了很多方法和研究报道。北京医科院药物所章观德曾综述过1977年以前的总皂甙的测定,其方法有重量法、比色法;单体皂甙的测定有薄层层离法、棒状薄层扫描法、液滴逆流层析法等。本文仅就1977年以后在章观德先生综述过的基础上,特别就精密度高、分离效果好、准确快速的高效液相层析法(HPLC)选择条件概述如下。
Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer is a valuable medicinal material and our country is one of the major major producing and exporting countries in the world. In recent years, regardless of artificial cultivation, harvesting and processing, tissue culture, or commodity ginseng and ginseng preparations for import and export inspection, it is required to provide objective indicators for the analysis of the content of ginsenosides and monomeric saponins, the main active ingredients of ginseng, and ginseng. The analysis of saponins began in the late 1960s. Many methods and research reports have been published at home and abroad. Institute of Medicine, Beijing Academy of Medical Sciences, Zhang Guande has reviewed the determination of total saponins before 1977. The methods include gravimetry and colorimetry. The determination of monomer saponins includes thin layer delamination, rod thin layer scanning, and droplets. Countercurrent chromatography. This article is based on the summary of Mr. Zhang Guande after 1977, and the selection conditions for high precision, good separation, accurate and rapid high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) are summarized as follows.