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目的了解铜绿假单胞菌在医院临床送检标本中的分布及耐药情况,分析其来源、感染途径及耐药机制,为临床合理使用抗菌药物提供依据。方法对医院2014年临床各类送检标本中分离出的铜绿假单胞菌进行统计分析,做微生物学鉴定和药敏试验。结果铜绿假单胞菌分布主要集中在ICU和呼吸内科,分别占61.70%和19.15%,主要来源于痰液标本,占93.62%。铜绿假单胞菌对多粘菌素E耐药率最低(0),其次是哌拉西林钠他唑巴坦钠(18.62%),对头孢他啶、哌拉西林、美罗培南及亚胺培南替卡西林、替卡西林克拉维酸的耐药率分别为28.72%、28.72%、29.52%及30.05%、34.84%、32.45%,对其他抗菌药物耐药率较高。结论铜绿假单胞菌对多种抗菌药物均产生不同程度耐药性,临床应加强其耐药性监测及针对性管理,以减少耐药菌株的产生。
Objective To understand the distribution and drug resistance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in clinical specimens of hospitals and to analyze its origin, route of infection and mechanism of drug resistance, and provide basis for the rational use of antibacterials in clinic. Methods The clinical isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from clinical specimens of various hospitals in 2014 were statistically analyzed and identified as microbiological tests and susceptibility testing. Results The distribution of Pseudomonas aeruginosa mainly concentrated in ICU and respiratory medicine, accounting for 61.70% and 19.15% respectively, mainly from sputum samples, accounting for 93.62%. Pseudomonas aeruginosa had the lowest rate of resistance to polymyxin E (0), followed by piperacillin and tazobactam sodium (18.62%), ceftazidime, piperacillin, meropenem and imipenem The resistance rates to caracillin and ticarcillin were 28.72%, 28.72%, 29.52% and 30.05%, 34.84% and 32.45%, respectively. The resistance rate to other antibacterials was higher. Conclusion Pseudomonas aeruginosa has a variety of antibacterial drugs have different degrees of resistance, clinical monitoring should be strengthened and its targeted management to reduce drug-resistant strains.