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雪灾是影响青海南部高原牧业生产最主要的自然灾害。通过利用青海、四川两省的气象站点资料,并结合GIS、RS工具,选取积雪深度、积雪持续天数、积雪面积比3个指标,采用层次分析法(AHP)与聚类分析法相结合的方法,对果洛地区44个乡镇的雪灾致灾危险性进行了评估。结果表明:致灾危险性轻度的乡镇数占总乡镇数的9.1%,中度的占31.82%,较重度的占52.27%,重度的占22.6%,其中,致灾危险性程度较重等级以上的乡镇比例占74.87%。因此可以认为,果洛州是一个雪灾致灾风险较高的地区。从空间分布上来看,轻度等级的分布在玛多县的花石峡镇、扎陵湖乡及玛沁县的东倾沟乡和拉加镇;中度、较重度等级的基本上每个县都有分布,但较重度等级的以达日县和甘德县所占乡镇数较多;重度等级的只分布在达日县的桑日麻乡、特合土乡及玛沁县的当洛乡。
Snow disaster is the most important natural disaster that affects the livestock production in southern Qinghai. Through the use of meteorological stations in Qinghai and Sichuan provinces, combined with GIS and RS tools, three indexes of snow depth, duration of snow cover and area of snow cover were selected. Analytic hierarchy process (AHP) was combined with cluster analysis The risk assessment of snow disaster in 44 villages and towns in Guoluo area was evaluated. The results showed that the number of mildly dangerous townships and townships accounted for 9.1%, 31.82%, 52.27% and 22.6% respectively. Among them, the degree of disaster risk was relatively high The proportion of townships and towns above accounted for 74.87%. So you can think, Guoluo is a snowstorm disaster risk higher areas. From the spatial distribution point of view, the distribution of mild grades in Maduo County Huaishixia town, Zaling Township and Maqin County East Bundou Township and the town of Riga; moderate, heavier grade basically every county But there are more towns in Dari County and Gander County in the more severe grades; those with severe grades are only distributed in Sangrima Township, Tuhe Township and Maqin County in Dari County township.