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作者从光合生理方面,探讨了冬瓜果实发育与提高单位面积产量有关几个问题。一、发挥个体优势与群体优势问题。试验看到,冬瓜个体和群体的优势是密切联系、相互影响的。二、座果与果实发育的营养基础。冬瓜不同座果节位的果实大小是不相同的。主蔓第22节以前的第1～2雌花座果,果实最小,第23～35节的第3～5雌花座果的果实最大,36节以后的第6雌花以上座果的果实较小。三、叶面积系数与群体光合效能。冬瓜每亩栽植300株,叶面积系数为1.5,光合效能较高,果实大,但单位面积产量较低;每亩350～400株,叶面积系数为1.7～1.9时,光合效能较高,果实较大,单位面积产量较高;每亩450株以上,叶面积系数超过2时,光合效能显著降低,果实较小,单位面积产量便降低。四、生产效能高的生态条件。不同栽培季节试验发现,秋植冬瓜的光合效能比春植冬瓜高,而春植冬瓜的产量比秋植高。分析春、秋植冬瓜的具体环境及其对生育和生理的影响,初步认为,五万米烛光左右的光照,25℃左右的温度,80％以上的空气相对湿度和土壤湿度是冬瓜丰产的适宜的生态条件。
In terms of photosynthetic physiology, the author discussed several issues related to the development of melon fruit and the improvement of yield per unit area. First, give full play to individual advantages and group advantages. The experiment shows that the advantages of individual and group of melon are closely related and influence each other. Second, fruit and fruit development of the nutritional basis. Melon different fruit positions of the fruit size is not the same. The first to the 22nd of the main vine before the first 2 female fruit fruit, the smallest fruit, the first 23 to 35 section 3 to 5 female flower fruit is the largest fruit, fruit 36 than the sixth female after the fruit is relatively small fruit. Third, leaf area coefficient and population photosynthetic efficiency. Melon planting 300 per acre, leaf area coefficient of 1.5, higher photosynthetic efficiency, fruit, but lower yield per unit area; 350 to 400 acres per acre, the leaf area coefficient of 1.7 to 1.9, higher photosynthetic efficiency, fruit Larger, higher yield per unit area; more than 450 per acre, leaf area coefficient of more than 2, significantly reduced photosynthetic efficiency, the fruit is small, yield per unit area will be reduced. Fourth, high production efficiency of ecological conditions. The results of different cultivation seasons showed that the photosynthetic efficiency of autumn and winter melon was higher than that of spring melon, while the yield of winter melon was higher than that of autumn planting. Based on the analysis of the specific environment of spring melon and autumn melon and their effects on reproduction and physiology, it is preliminarily believed that the illumination of about 50,000 m canopy, the temperature of about 25 ℃, the air relative humidity of more than 80% and the soil moisture are the suitable The ecological conditions.