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目的了解乙型肝炎患儿的发病因素,以期发现和探讨新时期少儿乙型肝炎发病的特点和规律。方法对住院治疗的2000年以后出生的324例慢性乙型肝炎患儿进行回顾性调查。结果与其母亲直接相关的296例,明确有母婴阻断史的58例,新生儿乙肝疫苗的全程接种率仅达到63%,明确未接种乙肝疫苗者41例,接种情况不详者79例。结论母婴阻断的实施率和乙肝疫苗全程率低是患儿发病的重要因素;要加大健康教育力度,提高育龄乙型肝炎患者的防治观念是减少患儿的关键。
Objective To understand the incidence of hepatitis B in children with a view to discover and explore the characteristics and laws of children with hepatitis B in the new era. Methods A retrospective investigation was performed on 324 children with chronic hepatitis B who were born after 2000 in hospital. Results 296 cases were directly related to their mothers. There were 58 cases with clear history of mother-infant blockage. The whole-course vaccination rate of new-born hepatitis B vaccine was only 63%. There were 41 cases without hepatitis B vaccine and 79 cases with unknown vaccination status. Conclusion The implementation rate of maternal and neonatal block and the low rate of hepatitis B vaccine are important factors in children’s development. To increase health education and improve the prevention and treatment of hepatitis B patients of childbearing age is the key to reduce the incidence of children.