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本文概述黑体辐射和非黑体即灰体辐射的关系;黑体是一种理想化了的辐射体,它与大多数实际的辐射体有所不同。因此,为了把黑体的辐射定律推广到所有的实际的辐射体,即引出发射系数的定义、测量原理和测量结果。各种材料的发射系数之值,对于红外仪器的设计、使用是十分重要的。如红外遥感、红外跟踪、红外热成象、红外辐射计等红外仪器在设计和进行定量分析时,都需确知材料的发射系数值。为此,本文收集了各种材料在不同温度和不同表面状态下的发射系数(法向)值,以供红外仪器设计和测量时参考。
This article outlines the relationship between black body radiation and non-black body, ie, gray body radiation; the black body is an idealized radiator that differs from most real radiators. Therefore, in order to extend the law of blackbody radiation to all actual radiators, the definition of emissivity, the principle of measurement, and the measurement results are derived. The emission coefficient of various materials, the value of the infrared instrument for the design, use is very important. Such as infrared remote sensing, infrared tracking, infrared thermal imaging, infrared radiometer and other infrared instruments in the design and quantitative analysis, we need to know the value of the emission coefficient of the material. To this end, this article collected a variety of materials at different temperatures and different surface states emission coefficient (normal) value for infrared instrument design and measurement reference.