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传统雨水利用技术具有长期的工程实践,而低冲击开发(Low-Impact Development,简称LID)是上世纪九十年代末期由美国推出的一种概念,其初始原理是通过分散的、小规模的源头控制机制和设计技术,来达到对暴雨所产生的径流和污染的控制,从而使开发区域尽量接近于开发前的自然水文循环状态。这是一种以生态系统为基础,从径流源头开始的暴雨管理方法。笔者结合自身工作经验,在对比传统雨水利用技术后,参考某工程项目实例对低冲击市政道路设计提出自己的看法和分析,对类似工程项目的设计具有一定的参考价值。
Traditional rainwater use technologies have long-term engineering practices. Low-Impact Development (LID), a concept introduced by the United States in the late 1990s, is based on a decentralized, small-scale source Control mechanisms and design techniques to achieve control of runoff and pollution from heavy rains so that development areas are as close as possible to the pre-development natural hydrological cycle. This is a ecosystem-based stormwater management approach that begins at the source of run-off. After comparing the traditional rainwater utilization techniques, the author puts forward his own views and analyzes on the design of low-impact municipal roads with reference to a project example, which has some reference value for the design of similar projects.