论文部分内容阅读
人性论是关于人的自觉存在的理论形式,是对人本身的哲学认识。人性论在中国传统哲学中具有重要地位。孟子的性善论和荀子的性恶论是中国古代影响最大的两种人性论。孟子立足于人的社会属性,主张道德修养是对人先天具有的内在的道德意识的开发;荀子则立足于人的自然属性,强调道德修养是主体通过学习达到对外在的礼法制度的遵从。两种人性论看似对立,实际上是互补的。
The theory of human nature is a theoretical form about the conscious existence of human beings and a philosophical understanding of human beings. The theory of human nature plays an important role in Chinese traditional philosophy. Mencius’s theory of good nature and Xuan Zi’s theory of sexuality and evil are the two most influential humanity theories in ancient China. Mencius bases itself on the social attributes of human beings and advocates that moral cultivation is the inherent moral awareness of man. Xunzi, on the other hand, bases himself on the natural attributes of human beings and emphasizes that moral cultivation is achieved through the study of the compliance of external etiquette and courtship system. The two theories of human nature appear to be antagonistic and in fact they are complementary.