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妊娠期胰岛素抵抗(IR)易导致妊娠期糖尿病,胰岛素通过与其受体结合可在不同组织细胞内激活不同的信号途径而产生不同的作用。因而信号转导的不同环节出现异常均可导致IR。作为胰岛素信号转导中的关键酶,磷脂酰肌醇3激酶(phosphatidylinositol3-kinase,PI3K)在调节糖代谢中起到重要作用。PI3K信号通路减弱或受阻,使胰岛素生理作用减弱,导致IR形成,进一步发展为妊娠期糖尿病。针对此信号通路的深入研究有利于进一步阐明妊娠期糖尿病的发病机制并为临床治疗提供新思路。
Gestational insulin resistance (IR) can easily lead to gestational diabetes. Insulin, through binding to its receptor, can exert different effects by activating different signaling pathways in different tissues and cells. Therefore, different aspects of signal transduction can lead to abnormalities in IR. As a key enzyme in insulin signaling, phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) plays an important role in the regulation of glucose metabolism. PI3K signaling pathway weakened or blocked, so that the physiological role of insulin weakened, leading to IR formation, further development of gestational diabetes. In-depth study of this signaling pathway is conducive to further clarify the pathogenesis of gestational diabetes mellitus and provide new ideas for clinical treatment.