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目的了解2005-2009年安徽省合肥市疟疾的流行特点,为制定防控策略提供依据。方法借助中国疾病预防控制信息系统收集疟疾发病的统计数据,对合肥市2005-2009年疟疾的发病资料进行描述性分析;借助合肥市统计信息公众网对收集的气象资料进行多元相关和回归分析。结果合肥市2005-2009年共报告疟疾414例,年平均报告发病率为1.57/10万,发病高峰为2007年,发病率为2.05/10万;发病存在季节性特点,时间主要集中在7～10月份;414例报告病例中男性293人,女性121人,男女年均发病率分别为2.39/10万和1.08/10万,差异有统计学意义(2=11.50,P=0.001);发病以21～40岁人群病例数最多,占总病例数的37.68%;职业分布以农民为主(23.91%);月均气温与疟疾发病数呈正相关(r=0.73,P<0.001),相对湿度与疟疾月均发病数呈正相关(r=0.38,P=0.002),2个月之前的降雨量与月均发病数相关(r=0.56,P<0.001)。结论合肥市疟疾的流行存在明显的季节性和性别差异。在流行季节应大力开展疟疾防治知识宣传,减少感染机会,控制疟疾的发生和流行。
Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of malaria in Hefei City, Anhui Province from 2005 to 2009 and provide the basis for making prevention and control strategies. Methods The data of malaria incidence in China were collected from China CDC. The incidence of malaria from 2005 to 2009 in Hefei was descriptively analyzed. The collected data were analyzed by multivariate correlation and regression analysis with the public network of statistics information in Hefei. Results A total of 414 cases of malaria were reported in Hefei from 2005 to 2009, with an annual average incidence of 1.57 / lakh and a peak incidence of 2007 of 2.05 / lakh. The incidence of seasonal malady was mainly found in 7 ~ In October, there were 293 males and 121 females in 414 cases. The annual average incidence of males and females was 2.39 / lakh and 1.08 / lakh respectively, with significant difference (2 = 11.50, P = 0.001) The highest number of cases was from 21 to 40 years old, accounting for 37.68% of the total number of cases. The distribution of occupations was dominated by peasants (23.91%). The mean monthly temperature was positively correlated with the incidence of malaria (r = 0.73, P <0.001) (R = 0.38, P = 0.002). The rainfall before two months was correlated with the average monthly incidence of malaria (r = 0.56, P <0.001). Conclusion The prevalence of malaria in Hefei has obvious seasonal and gender differences. Malaria prevention and treatment should be vigorously disseminated in the popular season to reduce the chances of infection and control the occurrence and prevalence of malaria.