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目的了解长沙市社区居民甲型流感甲型H1N1流感相关知识和行为,评价不同健康教育干预措施的效果,为探索可行的干预策略提供依据。方法随机抽取长沙市社区居民进行甲型H1N1流感相关知识和行为的基线调查后,将研究对象分为2组分别开展1个月的甲型H1N1流感防治知识综合干预和宣传画对照干预,比较其干预前后知晓率和行为的变化。结果综合干预组和对照组干预后甲型H1N1流感防治知识知晓率水平较干预前均有明显改善(P<0.05),且在大部分条目上综合干预组的干预效果较对照组明显(P<0.05)。不同干预方式组中被调查者的个人防护水平、就医行为干预后较干预前差异亦无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论在社区开展形式多样的健康教育干预能有效提高居民甲型H1N1流感相关知识的知晓率,但如何通过改变其知识、信念进而有效改善其行为尚需进一步研究。
Objective To understand the knowledge and behavior of Influenza A (H1N1) influenza in community residents in Changsha and evaluate the effect of different health education interventions to provide basis for exploring feasible intervention strategies. Methods A baseline survey of community-based H1N1 flu-related knowledge and behavior was randomly taken from Changsha residents. The subjects were divided into two groups: one comprehensive intervention in prevention and treatment of Influenza A (H1N1) and one control intervention in posters Changes in awareness and behavior before and after intervention. Results The awareness rate of prevention and treatment of Influenza A (H1N1) in both intervention group and control group was significantly improved (P <0.05), and intervention effect in intervention group was significantly higher than that in control group (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in the level of personal protection or medical intervention between the intervention groups and the intervention group before intervention (P> 0.05). Conclusions The intervention of various health education in community can effectively improve the awareness rate of H1N1 flu-related knowledge among residents. However, further study on how to improve its behavior by changing its knowledge and beliefs is needed.