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了解韶关金属矿山井下工作场所粉尘接触状况,为有效控制此类矿山粉尘危害提供依据及对策。选择9家不同矿种的矿山企业进行现场卫生学调查、粉尘浓度及粉尘中游离二氧化硅(SiO2)含量检测。结果显示,检测的19个游离SiO2样品中钨矿、铅锌矿、锑矿样品粉尘中游离SiO2平均含量分别为49.8%、35.4%、33.1%,其中18个样品游离SiO2的含量超过10%。钨矿、铅锌矿、锑矿56个工作地点总粉尘浓度按地点超标率分别为38.2%、28.6%、37.5%。提示,韶关金属矿山整体工作场所中粉尘游离SiO2含量高,粉尘超标较为严重,接尘人员患尘肺病的风险较高,应采取有效措施,加强通风降尘工作。
Understand the dust exposure status of the underground workplace in Shaoguan Metal Mine and provide the basis and measures to effectively control the hazards of such mine dust. Nine mining enterprises with different mineral resources were selected to carry out on-site hygiene investigation, dust concentration and free silicon dioxide (SiO2) content in dust. The results showed that the average content of free SiO2 in the dust of the 19 free SiO2 samples was 49.8%, 35.4% and 33.1% respectively, of which 18 samples contained more than 10% of free SiO2. Total dust concentration in 56 work sites of tungsten, lead, zinc and antimony mines was 38.2%, 28.6% and 37.5%, respectively, according to the spot exceeding standard rates. It is suggested that the content of free SiO2 in dust in the whole workplace of Shaoguan Metal Mine is high, and the excessive dust is more serious. The dust collectors are at higher risk of pneumoconiosis. Effective measures should be taken to enhance ventilation and dust control.