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土壤强还原(reductive soil disinfestation,RSD)是一种高效、环保的土壤消毒方法,为明确RSD杀菌机理,采用气相色谱和荧光定量PCR等技术研究RSD过程中产生的气体对土传病原菌的杀菌作用。结果表明:RSD过程中土壤能够产生H_2S和NH_3;当在装有25 g病土的三角瓶中分别加入25 m L的H_2S和NH_3时,土壤中尖孢镰刀菌的数量均显著下降,其杀菌效果分别为90.3%和100.0%;当在病土中加入0.125%(w/w)氨水时,尖孢镰刀菌、茄劳尔氏菌、辣椒疫霉和立枯丝核菌的数量分别下降至对照土壤的1.0%、0.3%、0.1%和0.9%;此外,加入10μL氨水即可显著抑制尖孢镰刀菌菌丝生长和孢子萌发,抑制率分别为52.8%和100.0%。表明RSD过程中产生的H_2S和NH_3对RSD过程的杀菌效果起着一定的作用。
Reducing soil disinfestation (RSD) is an efficient and environmentally friendly method of soil disinfection. To clarify the bactericidal mechanism of RSD, gas chromatography and fluorescence quantitative PCR were used to study the bactericidal effect of gas generated by RSD on soil-borne pathogens . The results showed that soil could produce H_2S and NH_3 during RSD process. When 25 m L H_2S and NH_3 were added into the flask containing 25 g soil, the amount of Fusarium oxysporum in soil decreased significantly, The results were 90.3% and 100.0% respectively. When 0.125% (w / w) aqueous ammonia was added into the soil, the populations of Fusarium oxysporum, Solanacearum, Phytophthora capsici and Rhizoctonia solani decreased to Control soil 1.0%, 0.3%, 0.1% and 0.9%; In addition, adding 10μL of ammonia can significantly inhibit Fusarium oxysporum mycelium growth and spore germination, the inhibition rates were 52.8% and 100.0%. It shows that H 2 S and NH 3 generated during RSD play a role in the bactericidal effect of RSD process.