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云南是举世公认的古老鼠疫疫区,以流行时间长,面积广,强度大而引人注目。因而,中外学者对云南鼠疫的研究极为关切。特别对云南有无鼠疫自然疫源地存在,曾引起近半个世纪的长期争论。有的认为云南是一个著名的地方病区,是世界鼠疫自然疫源地的一个部份;甚至认为一八九四年从香港播散到三十二个国家的世界性鼠疫大流行其根源亦在云南;有的则认为云南鼠疫具有明显的输入性,系由中亚、缅甸、印度、西藏等地波及。为澄清这一问题,我省在控制了人间鼠疫之后,便立即组织人力进行了十多年的查源。终于在一九七四年,在××地区以病原学、血清学、流行病学证实了该县山区大约×百平方公里范围内有鼠疫自然疫源地存在,从而结束了我省有无鼠疫疫源地的争论。然而,人的认识是不会停留在一个平上的,现实又向我们提出了新的课题。就是要进一步探讨云南鼠疫自然疫源地的水分布规律。即除了已经知道的源疫地外,还有那些地区可能有鼠疫的自然疫源地存在?这个问题对于今后进一步查清全省的鼠疫自然疫源地,消除隐患,具有一定意义。本文就我省鼠疫自然疫源地问题作初步分析,以供同道参考。
Yunnan is universally recognized as an ancient plague epidemic area, attracting attention with its long-standing popularity, large area and great intensity. Therefore, Chinese and foreign scholars are extremely concerned about the research of plague in Yunnan. In particular, there is a natural epidemic of plague in Yunnan, which has caused long-term controversy for nearly half a century. Some people think that Yunnan is a well-known endemic ward and is a part of the natural foci of plague in the world. It even considers that the root cause of the worldwide plague epidemic spread from Hong Kong to 32 countries in 1894 Yunnan; while others think Yunnan plague has obvious input, by Central Asia, Myanmar, India, Tibet and other places affected. In order to clarify this issue, our province, immediately after controlling for human plague, immediately organized a manpower search for more than a decade. Finally, in 1974, etiology, serology and epidemiology in the area of × × confirmed the existence of plague natural foci in the mountain area of about × 100 square kilometers and ended the plague-free epidemic in our province Epidemic controversy. However, people’s awareness will not stay on the same level, and reality has brought us new topics. It is necessary to further explore the distribution of water in Yunnan natural plague plague. That is, apart from the source plague already known, are there any natural foci where plague might occur in those areas? This issue is of great significance to further identifying the plague natural foci and eliminating hidden dangers in the future. This article on the plague natural foci in our province for a preliminary analysis of the problem, for fellow reference.