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Background: The four fat-soluble vitamins A, D, E and K have been tested in e xperimental and human studies to assess their influence on the growth of cancer cells of different origins. Receptors for vitamin A and D have been detected on pancreatic cancer cells, and analogues of these reduced the cell number in vitro . The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of fat-soluble vitami ns on the growth of pancreatic cancer cells. Methods: The seven cell lines used were established from patients operated on for pancreatic adenocarcinoma. The ef fect of incubation with the vitamin A analogues all-trans-retinoic acid (atRA; tretinoin) and 9-cis-retinoic acid (9-cis-RA), the synthetic vitamin D analo gue EB 1089, vitamin E succinate and K1 on the cell number was examined by the X TT method. Results: The vitamin A and D analogues decreased the pancreatic cance r cell number when high concentrations of 10-5 -10-4 M were administered. A c ombination of retinoids and the vitamin D analogue EB 1089 did not enhance the e ffect. Vitamin E succinate inhibited cell growth to a small extent (maximal 26% ) in 3 out of 7 cell lines, whereas vitamin K1 increased the pancreatic cancer c ell number in 3 out of 7 cell lines. Conclusion: High concentrations of vitamin A and D analogues decreased the cell number in pancreatic cancer cell lines. Vit amin E succinate and K1 did not have this effect. In the treatment of pancreatic cancer, further exploration of vitamin D analogues could be fruitful.
Background: The four fat-soluble vitamins A, D, E and K have been tested in e xperimental and human studies to assess their influence on the growth of cancer cells of different origins. Receptors for vitamin A and D have been detected on pancreatic cancer cells, and analogues of these reduced the cell number in vitro. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of fat-soluble vitami ns on the growth of pancreatic cancer cells. Methods: The seven cell lines used were established from patients operated on on for pancreatic adenocarcinoma. The ef fect of incubation with the vitamin A analogues all-trans-retinoic acid (atRA; tretinoin) and 9- cis-retinoic acid Vitamin E succinate and K1 on the cell number was examined by the X TT method. Results: The vitamin A and D analogues decreased the pancreatic cancers cell number when high concentrations of 10-5 -10-4 M were administered. A c ombination of retinoids and the vitamin D an algenic EB 1089 did not enhance the e ffect. Vitamin E succinate inhibited cell growth to a small extent (maximal 26%) in 3 out of 7 cell lines, and vitamin K1 increased the pancreatic cancer c ell number in 3 out of 7 cell lines . Conclusion: High concentrations of vitamin A and D analogues decreased the cell number in pancreatic cancer cell lines. Vitamin E succinate and K1 did not have this effect. In the treatment of pancreatic cancer, further exploration of vitamin D analogues could be fruitful.