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目的分析2009-2016年内蒙古地区重症手足口病的流行特征以及时空分布特征,明确防控工作的重点地区、时间、人群,进而降低重症病例的发生。方法对收集到的2009-2016年内蒙古手足口病监测数据中的重症病例进行流行病学和时空聚集性分析。结果 2009-2016年重症病例发生率呈先升后降趋势,2011年是8年间重症发生率的峰值。重症手足口病的发病年龄主要集中在0~3岁年龄组,其中散居儿童最多,男性儿童的发病率高于女性儿童。重症手足口病每年的高发时间为6~7月。2009-2016年,累计报告重症手足口病病例1 278例,占总病例的0.78%,8年年均重症发病率50.70/100万。肠道病毒71型(EV71)是引起手足口病重症病例的主要病原体。重症手足口病发病存在明显的时空聚集性,时间维度为5~7月,空间维度上主要分布在内蒙古的中部和西南地区。结论内蒙古地区重症手足口病的发病具有时空聚集性,发病强度具有地区差异性,气候可能为疫情高发的相关因素。3岁以下儿童是主要发病人群,需加强对年龄较小患者的重症预防,以减少重症病例的发生。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of spleen and mouth disease and the spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of severe hand-foot-mouth disease in Inner Mongolia from 2009 to 2016, and to clearly control the key areas, time and population of the work so as to reduce the occurrence of severe cases. Methods The epidemiological and spatiotemporal clustering analysis of severe cases collected from 2009-2016 HFMD surveillance data in Inner Mongolia were conducted. Results The incidence of severe cases in 2009-2016 showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing. 2011 was the peak of serious illness in 8 years. The incidence of severe HFMD is mainly in the 0-3 age group, of which the most scattered children, the incidence of male children than female children. Severe hand, foot and mouth disease high incidence of time each year 6 to 7 months. From 2009 to 2016, a total of 1,278 cases of severe hand-foot-mouth disease were reported, accounting for 0.78% of the total cases. The annual average incidence of severe diseases was 50.70 / 1 million in 8 years. Enterovirus 71 (EV71) is the major causative agent of HFMD. The incidence of severe hand-foot-mouth disease has obvious spatial and temporal aggregation, the time dimension is from May to July, and the spatial dimension is mainly distributed in the central and southwest regions of Inner Mongolia. Conclusions The incidence of severe HFMD in Inner Mongolia is spatiotemporal aggregation, the incidence intensity has regional differences, and the climate may be related to the high incidence of the epidemic. Children under the age of 3 are the major contributors, and intensive care needs to be strengthened for younger patients to reduce the incidence of severe cases.