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目的分析镇江市2015年流感病毒流行情况,为今后科学有效地防控流感提供依据。方法收集2015年镇江市国家级流感哨点监测医院流感样病例(ILI)标本3 237份,利用实时荧光定量PCR法进行病毒核酸检测,并对ILI报告数据、病原学监测数据进行分析。结果 3 237份咽拭子标本共检出流感病毒核酸阳性464份,总阳性率为14.33%,其中甲型H1N1流感病毒3份、季节性H3N2型流感病毒164份、BY型流感病毒297份。男性和女性阳性率分别为14.10%和14.55%,不同性别阳性率比较,差异无统计学意义(χ2=0.13,P>0.05)。流感全年出现,冬季和夏季2个小流行高峰。1月-3月优势流感毒株为BY型,7月-9月优势流感毒株为季节性H3N2型。结论 2015年镇江市共出现3种毒株流行。应进一步加强流感哨点监测工作,加强人员密集场所的暴发性疫情监测,警惕新型流感病毒株的出现和流行。
Objective To analyze the epidemic situation of influenza virus in Zhenjiang City in 2015 and provide the basis for scientific and effective prevention and control of influenza in the future. Methods A total of 3 237 influenza-like illness (ILI) specimens from the sentinel surveillance hospital of Zhenjiang City in 2015 were collected. The viral nucleic acid was detected by real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR, and ILI report data and etiological monitoring data were also analyzed. Results A total of 464 influenza virus positive samples were detected in 3 237 throat swab specimens, with a total positive rate of 14.33%. Among them, 3 were influenza A (H1N1) virus, 164 were seasonal H3N2 influenza virus and 297 were influenza virus type BY. The positive rates of males and females were 14.10% and 14.55%, respectively. There was no significant difference in the positive rates of males and females (χ2 = 0.13, P> 0.05). Flu appears all year round, with two small epidemic peaks in winter and summer. The predominant influenza strain in January-March was BY and the predominant influenza strain in July-September was seasonal H3N2. Conclusion In 2015, a total of 3 strains were endemic in Zhenjiang City. We should further strengthen the monitoring of sentinel surveillance, strengthen the monitoring of outbreaks in densely populated places, and be vigilant for the emergence and prevalence of new influenza strains.