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乳腺癌是危及女性健康的常见恶性肿瘤之一,病死率较高,且发病年龄呈年轻化趋势。目前临床对乳腺疾病的检查方法很多,既往检查主要包括钼靶、超声等,因价格便宜、操作方便,已成为常规的乳腺疾病检查方法,但两者的敏感性和特异性较低并有自身的局限性。CT软组织分辨率较高,但检查过程中的X线剂量较大,并且动态增强时间较长,故作为乳腺钼靶的补充检查手段。这些检查方法对乳腺疾病均有不同的诊断意义,在当前众多诊断乳腺疾病方法中,具有无辐射,较高软组织分辨力及可多方位多层面成像的乳腺磁共振(MRI)成像有其独到的优势,某些方面能弥补超声和钼靶检查的局限性,乳腺磁共振可提供病灶形态学和增强血流动力学表现,可用于常规检查方法不能确诊病灶的鉴别诊断。乳腺肿瘤MRI成像对临床诊断、鉴别诊断及手术方案的选择有着极其重要的作用。本文就乳腺MRI影像技术、MRI影像学表现及其临床应用予以综述,探讨MRI在乳腺肿瘤中的应用。
Breast cancer is one of the common malignant tumors that endanger the health of women, with a higher case fatality rate and a younger age of onset. At present, there are many clinical methods for examining breast diseases. Previous examinations mainly include mammography, ultrasound and the like, and as a result of being cheap and convenient to operate, it has become a routine method for examining breast diseases. However, both have low sensitivity and specificity and have their own Limitations. CT soft tissue higher resolution, but the X-ray examination during the larger dose, and the dynamic enhancement of a long time, it is used as a supplementary mammography detection means. These examinations have different diagnostic significance for breast diseases. Among the many methods for diagnosing breast diseases, breast MRI (MRI) with no radiation, high resolution of soft tissues and multi-faceted multi-level imaging has its own unique Advantages, some aspects can make up for the limitations of ultrasound and mammography, breast MRI can provide lesions morphology and enhanced hemodynamic performance, can be used for routine diagnosis of lesions can not be diagnosed. Breast tumor MRI imaging for clinical diagnosis, differential diagnosis and surgical options has an extremely important role. In this paper, breast MRI imaging technology, MRI imaging and its clinical application to be reviewed to explore the MRI in the application of breast cancer.