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无核葡萄是鲜食与制干葡萄的重要组成部分。当前市场上无核葡萄品种较少的主要原因是无核葡萄抗病性差、果粒小、产量低,因此优质无核葡萄品种选育成为当前葡萄育种领域的重要课题。育种过程中有核后代所占比例较大及童期较长在一定程度上制约无核葡萄育种的进度。无核基因分子标记技术的引入可以高效的在幼苗期检测出该品系是否为无核葡萄,有效的排除有核后代,加速无核葡萄育种进程。该文主要从葡萄无核标记的研究进展、在科研实践中的应用、存在问题以及未来发展方向等研究进行了综述。
Seedless grapes are an integral part of fresh and dried grapes. At present, the main reason of fewer seedless grapes on the market is the poor resistance of seedless grapes, small fruit grains and low yield. Therefore, the breeding of fine seedless grapes has become an important issue in the field of grape breeding. In the process of breeding, there is a large proportion of nuclear offspring and a longer period of childbirth, which restricts the progress of seedless grapes breeding to a certain extent. The introduction of non-nuclear gene molecular marker technology can efficiently detect whether the strain is a seedless grape in the seedling stage, effectively eliminate the nuclear offspring and accelerate the seedless grape breeding process. This article mainly reviewed the research progress of seedless marker of grape, the application in scientific research practice, the existing problems and the future development direction.