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目的:了解我地区小儿社区获得性肺炎患儿致病菌感染情况及耐药性。方法:对送检合格的699份痰液标本进行培养及药敏试验。结果:699份痰液标本分离出病原菌365株,总阳性率52.2%,其中革兰氏阴性菌,革兰氏阳性菌,真菌分别为65.2%,26.3%,8.4%。主要致病菌依次为肺炎克雷伯菌69株,阴沟肠杆菌42株,真菌31株,大肠埃希菌23株,金黄色葡萄球菌20株,铜绿假单胞菌7株。主要致病菌对多种抗生素呈现高比例耐药,未检出亚胺培南耐药。结论:小儿社区获得性肺炎致病菌以革兰氏阴性菌为主,对常用抗生素产生了耐药。痰培养结果有利于指导临床用药,减少细菌耐药性。
Objectives: To understand the prevalence and drug resistance of pathogenic bacteria in children with community-acquired pneumonia in our district. Methods: 699 sputum specimens were tested for drug sensitivity and drug susceptibility testing. Results: 365 strains of pathogens were isolated from 699 sputum samples, the total positive rate was 52.2%. Among them, Gram-negative bacteria, Gram-positive bacteria and fungi were 65.2%, 26.3% and 8.4% respectively. The main pathogens were Klebsiella pneumoniae 69, Enterobacter cloacae 42, Fungal 31, Escherichia coli 23, Staphylococcus aureus 20 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa 7. The main pathogenic bacteria showed a high proportion of multi-antibiotic resistance, imipenem resistance was not detected. Conclusion: The pathogenic bacteria of community-acquired pneumonia in children are mainly Gram-negative bacteria, which are resistant to common antibiotics. Sputum culture results help guide the clinical use of drugs to reduce bacterial resistance.