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具有面心立方结构的高锰奥氏体钢,它的韧性随着温度降低而会突然降低,同时显示出由韧性到脆性的转变。目前世界先进国家正投入大力研究一种高韧性、高强度、高锰无磁奥氏体超低温钢,用于超导电机,超导磁流发电装置,超导输电,超导贮能,超导磁悬浮列车以及核聚变的超导磁体发电装置等。研究这种高锰钢的脆断机理和改善它的脆性就成为一个必须而且非常重要的研究课题。
High manganese austenitic steels with a face-centered cubic structure exhibit a sudden decrease in toughness as the temperature decreases, while exhibiting a transition from ductile to brittle. At present, the world’s most advanced countries are putting great efforts into researching a kind of high toughness, high strength and high manganese non-magnetic austenitic ultra-low temperature steel for superconducting motor, superconducting magnetic current generating device, superconducting transmission, superconducting energy storage, superconducting Maglev trains and nuclear fusion superconducting magnet power generation devices. To study the brittle fracture mechanism of this high manganese steel and to improve its brittleness has become a necessary and very important research topic.