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近期来,四冲程柴油机在高增压方面取得的重大研究成果已经被运用于二冲程柴油机。为了研究低压缩比(7:1)高增压(压力7.5巴,绝对)柴油机的工作情况,在试验台上安装了一台“Schnurle”式扫气、直接喷射的二冲程单缸试验机。这台试验机当其转速达到3,400转/分时的平均有效压力为21巴。试验时,采用了一种直接测量的扫气效率的方法,本文对此作了详细的介绍。利用这种方法可以测量压缩过程开始时的进气温度和扫气效率,因此就可以用试验的方法来证实用液体模拟法在模型上取得的理论性结果。
Recently, significant achievements in high-pressure boosting of four-stroke diesel engines have been applied to two-stroke diesel engines. In order to study the operation of a low compression ratio (7: 1) high boost (pressure 7.5 bar absolute) diesel engine, a “Schnurle” scavenging direct injection two-stroke single cylinder test was installed on the test rig machine. The test machine had an average effective pressure of 21 bar when its speed reached 3,400 rpm. During the test, a method of directly measuring the scavenging efficiency was adopted, which is described in detail in this paper. Using this method it is possible to measure the temperature of the intake air and the scavenging efficiency at the beginning of the compression process, so that experimental results can be used to confirm the theoretical results obtained on the model with the fluid simulation method.