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目的分析阿坝州2011-2015年流感的流行趋势,病毒型别及活动水平,为流感监测预警提供科学依据。方法依托中国流感监测信息系统,按照《全国流感监测方案》的要求进行流行病学和病原学监测。结果 2011-04/2015-04阿坝州流感哨点医院共监测流感样病例(ILI)3 866份,占同期门诊病例的1.40%,流感样病例主要集中在15岁以下的少年儿童(86.32%);流感病毒核酸检测咽拭子标本1 466份,阳性56份,阳性率为3.8%,甲3亚型18份(32%),乙型38份(68%),Yamagata38份(100%)。分离到流感毒株5份,分离率为8.9%,其中4株是甲3亚型,1株乙型。结论 2011-04/2015-04阿坝州流感样病例以15岁以下少年儿童为主,流感流行高峰为冬春季,先后出现甲3,B型Yamagata型流行,其中2013-04/2014-04以B型Yamagata型为优势毒株,其余年份均以甲3亚型为主。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological trend, virus type and activity level of influenza in Aba from 2011 to 2015 and provide a scientific basis for influenza surveillance and early warning. Methods Based on the China Influenza Surveillance Information System, epidemiological and etiological monitoring were conducted in accordance with the requirements of the “National Influenza Surveillance Program”. Results From 2011-04 to 2015-04, 3 866 flu-like cases (ILIs) were monitored in the sentinel Hospitals of Aba Prefecture, accounting for 1.40% of outpatients in the same period. Influenza-like cases were mainly concentrated in children and adolescents under 15 years old (86.32%), The positive rate of influenza virus nucleic acid was 1 466 in throat swab samples, with a positive rate of 3.8%. Among them, 18 (32%) were subtype A 3, 38 (88%) were B and 38 were Yamagata (100%). Five isolates of influenza virus were isolated with the isolation rate of 8.9%, of which four strains were subtype A 3 and one strain B. Conclusion 2011-04 / 2015-04 Influenza-like cases in Aba Prefecture are mainly children and adolescents under 15 years of age. The peak of the epidemic is winter and spring. A series of Yamagata type A and B epidemics occur successively, with 2013-04 / 2014-04 as B Type Yamagata is the dominant strain, the remaining years are mainly A 3 subtype.