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胸腔积液是常见的临床征象。形成胸腔积液的原因很多,其病因诊断仍须结合病史、体检以及对胸水进行细致的分析检查来综合判断,必要时须作活检和胸腔镜检查。但是目前对胸液的病因探讨尽管应用各种检查方法,仍有大约20%的病例不能确定。近年来由于生化,免疫,以及某些临床检验技术的进展,为胸腔积液的病因诊断提供了更多的检查方法。本文拟对此作一综述,以供参改。
Pleural effusion is a common clinical sign. There are many reasons for the formation of pleural effusion, and its cause diagnosis must be combined with medical history, physical examination, and detailed analysis of pleural effusion for comprehensive judgment. If necessary, biopsy and thoracoscopy must be performed. However, at present, the etiology of pleural fluid is still approximately 20% of cases cannot be determined despite various examination methods. In recent years, due to advances in biochemistry, immunity, and certain clinical testing techniques, more examination methods have been provided for etiological diagnosis of pleural effusions. This article intends to make a review of this for the purpose of reform.