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针对我国北方水资源短缺导致大量河流干涸断流的现状以及河湖水系连通性在水生态环境健康中的重要地位,利用高分辨率遥感影像以北京市为试点对河流干涸断流现状进行了遥感信息提取和空间分析,获取了北京市2015年丰水期河流干涸断流分布情况。监测结果表明:北京市河流干涸断流情况严重,纳入监测的46条河流中15条存在干涸现象,干涸河道长度为227.23公里,占河道总长度的12.98%;3条河流超过50%的河段干涸,永定河干涸河道长达72.24公里;干涸河道主要分布于房山区、大兴区和平谷区,房山区和大兴区干涸河道长度均超过50公里,平谷区干涸比达44.24%;干涸河段上游及沿线均有大量水库闸坝等水利工程,导致河道中水量逐级衰减乃至断流。同时,针对河流干涸断流情况严重的现状提出对策建议,为我国水环境保护提供参考。
In view of the current situation that a large number of rivers run dry and runoff caused by the shortage of water resources in northern China and the importance of connectivity of rivers and lakes in the aquatic environment and environment, the remote sensing of current situation of river drying and drying was conducted by using high resolution remote sensing images in Beijing Information extraction and spatial analysis, obtained the situation of dry-up and flow-off of rivers in Beijing during the peak period in 2015. The monitoring results show that the rivers in Beijing have a serious dry-up situation, and 15 of the 46 rivers included in the monitoring have dried up. The length of the dry river is 227.23 km, accounting for 12.98% of the total length of the river. In more than 50% of the 3 rivers, Drying, the Yongding River dry up 72.24 km long river; dry river are mainly distributed in Fangshan District, Daxing District and Pinggu District, Fangshan District and Daxing District, the length of the dry river are more than 50 km, Pinggu District, up to 44.24% of the dry up; And a large number of reservoirs and dams along the water conservancy projects, leading to gradual decline in the river water levels and even cut off. At the same time, countermeasures and suggestions are put forward in view of the serious current situation of river dry-up and breaking off, providing reference for water environment protection in China.